脚本专栏 发布日期:2025/10/31 浏览次数:1
套索(Lasso)是与套索选区(LassoSelector)相似的matplotlib部件(widgets),两者的区别主要在于:
继承关系:
构造参数:
事件处理:
Lasso类构造函数的参数为:
套索可以使用matplotlib.path.Path类的contains_point方法获取选区内的数据点。
貌似 Lasso是实验性API,还不够完善,matplotlib 3.3之后可能逐步废弃 Lasso。
官方案例,https://matplotlib.org/3.2.1/gallery/event_handling/lasso_demo.html
案例说明
from matplotlib import colors as mcolors, path
from matplotlib.collections import RegularPolyCollection
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.widgets import Lasso
import numpy as np
class Datum:
  colorin = mcolors.to_rgba("red")
  colorout = mcolors.to_rgba("blue")
  def __init__(self, x, y, include=False):
    self.x = x
    self.y = y
    if include:
      self.color = self.colorin
    else:
      self.color = self.colorout
class LassoManager:
  def __init__(self, ax, data):
    self.axes = ax
    self.canvas = ax.figure.canvas
    self.data = data
    self.Nxy = len(data)
    facecolors = [d.color for d in data]
    self.xys = [(d.x, d.y) for d in data]
    self.collection = RegularPolyCollection(
      6, sizes=(100,),
      facecolors=facecolors,
      offsets=self.xys,
      transOffset=ax.transData)
    ax.add_collection(self.collection)
    self.cid = self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.onpress)
  def callback(self, verts):
    facecolors = self.collection.get_facecolors()
    p = path.Path(verts)
    ind = p.contains_points(self.xys)
    for i in range(len(self.xys)):
      if ind[i]:
        facecolors[i] = Datum.colorin
      else:
        facecolors[i] = Datum.colorout
    self.canvas.draw_idle()
    self.canvas.widgetlock.release(self.lasso)
    del self.lasso
  def onpress(self, event):
    if self.canvas.widgetlock.locked():
      return
    if event.inaxes is None:
      return
    self.lasso = Lasso(event.inaxes,
              (event.xdata, event.ydata),
              self.callback)
    # acquire a lock on the widget drawing
    self.canvas.widgetlock(self.lasso)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  np.random.seed(19680801)
  data = [Datum(*xy) for xy in np.random.rand(100, 2)]
  ax = plt.axes(xlim=(0, 1), ylim=(0, 1), autoscale_on=False)
  ax.set_title('Lasso points using left mouse button')
  lman = LassoManager(ax, data)
  plt.show()
案例的关键代码在于LassoManager类的onpress方法和callback方法。由于Lasso类在事件处理上比较原始,需要用户进行控制,在鼠标按下、释放事件中需要使用canvas.widgetlock对象锁定/解锁绘图功能,保证只有一个对象进行绘图,canvas.widgetlock是matplotlib.widgets.LockDraw类的实例。
尽量使用套索选区(LassoSelector)而不是套索(Lasso),两者功能相似,索选区(LassoSelector)使用相对更简单一些,套索(Lasso)还有一些BUG,matplotlib 3.3已不再推荐使用。